First Aid

In the event of a road traffic accident, there are some things you can do to help, even if you've had no formal training.

Reduce the Danger of Fire

Further collisions and fire are the main dangers following a road traffic accident.  Approach vehicles involved in the accident with care.  Switch off all engines and, if possible, alert other traffic.  Stop people smoking in the vicinity of the accident.

Seek Assistance

Use your cell phone to call a relative or colleague for help or ask bystanders to summon the appropriate emergency services as soon as possible.  Make sure that they know the exact location of the accident and the number of vehicles involved.

Help Casualties of the Accident

DO NOT move casualties still in vehicles unless further danger is threatened.

DO NOT remove a motorcyclist's crash helmet unless it is essential.

DO NOT give casualties anything to eat or drink.

DO try to make casualties comfortable and prevent them from getting cold, but avoid unnecessary movement.

DO try to reassure casualties.  They may be suffering from shock but prompt treatment will help to reduce this.

Emergency First Aid

Follow the 'ABC' of first aid:

A is for Airway - Check for and relieve any obstruction to breathing. Remove any obvious obstruction in the mouth.  Breathing may begin and colour improve.

B is for Breathing - If breathing does not begin when the airway has been cleared, lift the chin and tilt the head very gently backwards.  Pinch the casualty's nostrils and blow into the mouth until the chest rises; withdraw, then repeat regularly once every four seconds until the casualty can breathe unaided.

C is for Circulation - Prevent blood loss to maintain circulation.  If bleeding is present apply firm hand pressure over the wound, preferably using some clean material, without pressing on any foreign body in the wound.  Secure a pad with a bandage or length of cloth. Raise the limb to lessen the bleeding, provided it is not broken.

Plan Ahead

Consider attending a formal first aid training course from a qualified organization such as the Nigerian Red Cross.

Carry a first aid kit in your vehicle.